Parenting Daily Hassles and General Well Being: Moderating Role of Social Support Among Mothers

Authors

  • Fariha Abdul Rehman Psychotherapist, BUIC Islamabad, Pakistan. Email: fariha.ipp@gmail.com Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63067/x3c30962

Keywords:

Social support, General Wellbeing, Parenting Daily Hassle, Mothers, Mental health practitioners

Abstract

The present research aims to find the relationship between parenting daily hassles, social support, and general wellbeing of mothers. Moreover, the study intends to investigate the moderating role of various types of Social Support. It was hypothesized that parenting daily hassles would be related with social support and general well being. It was also hypothesized that social support will moderate the relationship between parenting daily hassles and general well-being among mothers. A sample of 150 mothers was validated through convenient sampling technique. Parenting daily hassles scale, 2-way social support scale and general wellbeing schedule measures were used. The results showed that there is a significant negative correlation between intensity of parenting daily hassles and general wellbeing. The findings supported that intensity of parenting daily hassles predicts general wellbeing among mothers. The research also indicates that receiving instrumental social support moderates the relationship between intensity of parenting daily hassles and general well-being. The findings of the research sheds light upon the fact that instrumental support is required from the environment of mothers for their general wellbeing. It also provides a guideline mental health practitioner to develop therapeutic plans that increases instrumental support for mothers with higher intensities of parenting daily hassles.

 

References

Barnett, R. C., & Baruch, G. K. (1985). Women's involvement in multiple roles and psychological distress. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49(1),135.

Baruch, G. K., & Barnett, R. (1986). Role quality, multiple role involvement, and psychological well- being in midlife women. Journal of Personality and Socialpsychology, 51(3), 578.

Baumeister, R. F. (1991). Meanings of life. Guilford Press.

Belsky, J., Crnic, K., & Woodworth, S. (1995). Personality and parenting: Exploring the mediating role of transient mood and daily hassles. Journal of Personality,63(4), 905-929.

Briers, S. (2008). Superpowers for parents: The psychology of great parenting andhappy children. Saffron House.

Brown, S. L., Nesse, R. M., Vinokur, A. D., & Smith, D. M. (2003). Providing socialsupport may be more beneficial than receiving it: Results from a prospective study of mortality. Psychological Science, 14, 320–327.

Busseri, M. A., & Sadava, S. W. (2011). A review of the tripartite structure of subjective well-being: Implications for conceptualization, operationalization,analysis, and synthesis. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 15, 290 –314. doi:10.1177/1088868310391271

Carver, C. S. (1997). You want to measure coping but your protocol’ too long: Consider the brief cope. International            Journal            of             Behavioral            Medicine,             4(1), 92–100. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327558ijbm0401_6

  1. (2021, April               23)               Children’s              mental               health           2021.

https://www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalhealth/features/mental-health-children-                  and- parents.html/

Clark, A. E., Diener, E., Georgellis, Y., & Lucas, R. E. (2008). Lags and leads in lifesatisfaction: A test of the baseline hypothesis. Economic Journal, 118, F222– F243. doi:10.1111/j.1468- 0297.2008.02150.x

Cohen, S. (1992). Stress, social support, and disorder. Hemisphere.

Cohen, L. G. Underwood, & B. H. Gottlieb. (2000). Social support measurement andintervention. Oxford University Press

Cooper, C., Katona, C., Orrell, M., & Livingston, G. (2008). Coping strategies, anxiety and depression in caregivers of people with Alzheimer’s disease.International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 23(9), 929–936. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.2007

Costa, P. A., Garcia, I., Tasker, F., & Leal, I (2021). Psychometric properties of theparenting daily hassles in a sample of portuguese parents propriedades psicométricas da parenting daily hassles numa amostra de pais/mães portugueses. Revista Psicologia, Saúde & Doenças, 22(3), 844- 856. https://doi.org/10.15309/21psd220306

Crnic, K. A., & Greenberg, M. T. (1990). Minor Parenting Stresses with Young Children. Child Development, 61(5), 1628. doi:10.2307/1130770

Crnic, K. A., Gaze, C., & Hoffman, C. (2005). Cumulative parenting stress across thepreschool period: Relations to maternal parenting and child behavior at age 5.Infant and Child Development, 14(2), 117–132. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.384

Crnic, K., & Low, C. (2002). Everyday stresses and parenting. Lawrence ErlbaumAssociates: Mahwah.

Cutrona, C. E., & Russell, D. W. (1990). Type of social support and specific stress:Toward a theory of optimal matching. Wiley.

Cutrona, C. E., & Suhr, J. A. (1994). Social support communication in the context ofmarriage: An analysis of couples’ supportive interactions. Sage.

Gierveld, J. D. J., & Dykstra, P. A. (2008). Virtue is its own reward? Support-givingin the family and loneliness in middle and old age. Ageing & Society, 28(2), 271-287.

Delle Fave, A., & Massimini, F. (2004). Parenthood and the quality of experience indaily life: A longitudinal                                    study.            Social             Indicators            Research,            67,             75–106. doi:10.1023/B:SOCI.0000007335.26602.59

Delongis, Anita, J. C. Coyne, G. Dakof, S. Folkman, and R. S. Lazarus. (1982). "Relationship of daily hassles, uplifts, and major life events to health status."Health Psychology 1: 119-136.

Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being:Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 276 –302. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276

Dong, S., Dong, Q. N., Chen, H., & Yang, S. (2022). Mother's Parenting Stress andMarital Satisfaction during the parenting period: Examining The role of Depression, Solitude, and Time Alone. Frontiers in Psychology, 680.

Dupuy, H. J. (1984). The psychological general well-being (PGWB) index.

Assessment of quality of life in clinical trials of cardiovascular therapies, 170-183.

Durning, P., & Pourtois, J.P. (1994). Éducation et famille. De Boeck.

Dyrdal, G. M., & Lucas, R. E. (2013). Reaction and adaptation to the birth of a child:A couple-level analysis. Developmental Psychology, 49, 749 –761. doi:10.1037/a0028335

Efter, A. (1999). Mental retardation: Psychiatry of the adolescent child, (2nd ed.). Aviv University Press. Finegood, E. D., Raver, C. C., DeJoseph, M. L., & Blair, C. (2017). Parenting in poverty: Attention bias and anxiety interact to predict parents’ perceptions ofdaily parenting hassles. Journal of family psychology, 31(1), 51.

Fratiglioni, L., Want, H., Ericcson, K., Mayyton, M., & Winblad, B. (2000). Influenceof social network on occurrence of dementia: A community based longitudinalstudy. The Lancet, 355, 1315–1319.

Garrison, M. E. B., Blalock, L. B., Zarski, J. J., & Merritt, P. B. (1997). Delayed parenthood: An exploratory study of family functioning. Family Relations, 46,281–290. doi:10.2307/585126

Gottlieb, B. H. (2000). Selecting and planning support interventions. OxfordUniversity Press.

Gove, W. R., & Tudor, J. (1973). About sex roles and mental illness. AmericanJournal of Sociology, 78, 812-35

Gutek, B. A. (1998). Working in the Service Society. Work and Occupations, 25(1),120-123. Gutek, B. A. (2001). Women and paid work. Psychology of women Quarterly, 25(4),379-393.

Hansen, T. (2012). Parenthood and happiness: A review of folk theories versusempirical evidence. Social indicators research, 108(1), 29-64.

Huppert, F. A., Baylis, N., & Keverne, B. (2004). Why do we need a science of wellbeing? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. SeriesB: Biological Sciences, 359(1449), 1331- 1332

Kanner, A. D., & Feldman, S. S. (1991). Control over uplifts and hassles and its relationship to adaptational outcomes. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 14(2),187-201.

Lambert, S. J. (1990). Processes linking work and family: A critical review andresearch agenda. Human relations, 43(3), 239-257.

Lambert, S. J. (1990). Processes linking work and family: A critical review andresearch agenda. Human relations, 43(3), 239-257.

Lang, F. R. (2001). Regulation of social relationships in later adulthood. Journals of Gerontology: Series B: Psychological Science and Social Sciences, 56B, 321–326

Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer.

Leonardson, G. R., Daniels, M. C., Ness, F. K., Kemper, E., Mihura, J. L., Koplin, B.A., & Foreyt, J. P. (2003). Validity and reliability of the general well-being schedule with northern plains American Indians diagnosed with type 2diabetes mellitus. Psychological reports, 93(1), 49-58..

Liang, J., Krause, N. M., & Bennett, J. M. (2001). Social exchange and wellbeing: Isgiving better than receiving? Psychology and Aging, 16, 511–523.

Liu, C. H., Smiley, P. A., Vicman, J. M., Wong, G. T. F., & Doan, S. N. (2021). Theroles of life stress and preventive health behaviors on parent mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Health Psychology, 135910532110267. doi:10.1177/13591053211026742

Long, J., & Porter, K. L. (1984). Multiple roles of midlife women. In Women inmidlife. 109-159 Luhmann, M., Hofmann, W., Eid, M., & Lucas, R. E. (2012). Subjective well-beingand adaptation to life events: A meta-analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102, 592– 615. doi:10.1037/ a0025948

Marimbe, B. D., Cowan, F., Kajawu, L., Muchirahondo, F., & Lund, C. (2016).

Perceived burden of care and reported coping strategies and needs for familycaregivers of people with mental disorders in Zimbabwe. African Journal of Disability, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v5i1.209

Maton, K. I. (1987). Patterns and psychological correlates of material support within areligious setting: The bidirectional support hypothesis. American Journal of Community Psychology, 15, 185– 207.

Miller, B. C., & Sollie, D. L. (1980). Normal stresses during the transition to parenthood. Family Relations, 29, 459 – 465. doi:10.2307/584459

Morelli, S. A., Lee, I. A., Arnn, M. E., & Zaki, J. (2015). Emotional and instrumentalsupport provision interact to predict well-being. Emotion, 15(4), 484–493. doi:10.1037/emo0000084

Nankervis, K., Rosewarne, A., & Vassos, M. (2011). Why do families relinquish care? An investigation of the factors that lead to relinquishment into out-of- home respite care. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 55(4), 422–433.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2011.01389.x

Nelson, S. K., Kushlev, K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2014). The pains and pleasures ofparenting: When, why, and how is parenthood associated with more or less well-being?. Psychological bulletin, 140(3), 846.

Nolte, D., & Harris, R. (1998). Children learn what they live: Parenting to inspirevalues. New York: Workman Pub.

Perlick, D. A., Rosenheck, R. A., Clarkin, J. F., Maciejewski, P. K., Sirey, J., Struening, E., & Link, B. G. (2004). Impact of family burden and affectiveresponse on clinical outcome among patients with bipolar disorder.

Psychiatric Services, 55(9), 1029–1035. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.55.9.1029

Poduval, J., & Poduval, M. (2009). Working mothers: How much working, how muchmothers, and where is the womanhood. Mens Sana Monographs, 7(1), 63. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973- 1229.41799

Poulin, M. J., Brown, S. L., Ubel, P. A., Smith, D. M., Jankovic, A., & Langa, K. M.(2010). Does a helping hand mean a heavy heart? Helping behavior and well- being among spouse caregivers. Psychology and Aging, 25(1), 108–117. doi:10.1037/a0018064

Quynh, H. H. N., Tanasugarn, C., Kengganpanich, M., Lapvongwatana, P., Long, K.Q., & Truc, T. T. (2020). Mental well-being, and coping strategies during stress for preclinical medical students in Vietnam. Journal of Population andSocial Studies [JPSS], 28(2), 116-129.

Rout, U. R., Cooper, C. L., & Kerslake, H. (1997). Working and non‐workingmothers: a comparative study. Women in Management review.

Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning ofpsychological well- being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6): 10691081.

Schuster, R., Hammitt, W. E., & Moore, D. (2006). Stress appraisal and copingresponse to hassles experienced in outdoor recreation settings. Leisure Sciences, 28(2), 97-113.

Shakespeare-Finch, J., Obst, P., & Rogers, E. (2019). The influence of giving and receiving social support on the psychological outcomes of two traumaexposedsamples. J Loss Trauma, 24(8): 766-81.

Shrout, P. E., Herman, C. M., & Bolger, N. (2006). The costs and benefits of practicaland emotional support on adjustment: A daily diary study of couples experiencing acute stress. Personal Relationships, 13(1), 115–134. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2006.00108.x

Spock, B. (1998). Baby and child care. W.H. Allen & Co.

Tachibana, Y., Fukushima, A., Saito, H., Yoneyama, S., Ushida, K., Yoneyama, S., &Kawashima, R. (2012). A new mother-child play activity program to decrease parenting stress and improve child cognitive abilities: A cluster randomized controlled trial. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038238

Taylor, J. E., Poston, W. S., Haddock, C. K., Blackburn, G. L., Heber, D., Heymsfield, S.B., et al. (2003). Psychometric characteristics of the General Well-Being Schedule (GWB) with African- American women. Quality of LifeResearch, 12, 31-39.

Vasilenko, V. E., Savenysheva, S. S., & Zapletina, O. O. (2021). Parenting Stress andDaily Hassles in Mothers of Young and Preschool Children. Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy, 29(4), 27-48.

Wang, K. Y. (2012). The care burden of families with members having intellectual and developmental disorder.                                Current             Opinion             in             Psychiatry,             25(5),              348–352. https://doi.org/10.1097/yco.0b013e3283564248

Wills, T. A., & Shinar, O. (2000). Measuring perceived and received social support.

Wilson, D.K., Kliewer, W., Bayer, L. et al. (1999). The influence of gender and emotional versus instrumental support on cardiovascular reactivity in African- American adolescents. ann. behav. med. 21, 235–243 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02884840

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Downloads

Published

2023-06-30

How to Cite

Rehman, F. A. (2023). Parenting Daily Hassles and General Well Being: Moderating Role of Social Support Among Mothers. Journalism, Politics and Society, 1(02), 68-83. https://doi.org/10.63067/x3c30962

Similar Articles

1-10 of 23

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.